Pengaruh Variasi Ukuran Partikel Arang Terhadap Laju Pembakaran Dan Stabilitas Nyala Briket Biomassa Pohon Pinang
Keywords:
biomass briquette; areca palm stem; particle size; burning rate; flame stability.Abstract
The utilization of biomass waste as an alternative energy source can reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Areca palm (Areca catechu) stems are abundant biomass residues in Papua, but their potential as solid fuel remains underutilized. This study investigated the effect of charcoal particle size on the combustion characteristics of areca palm stem briquettes and determined the particle size providing the best thermal performance. Laboratory experiments were conducted using two particle-size variations, 60 mesh and 80 mesh. Briquettes were prepared from 800 g of areca palm stem charcoal and 200 g of tapioca starch binder mixed with 800 mL of hot water, then compressed into 3 × 3 cm cubes at 100 kgf/cm². The evaluation included proximate characteristics, calorific value, combustion temperature, combustion duration, and conductive heat-transfer rate. The results showed that 80-mesh briquettes produced a calorific value of 6021 kcal/kg, a maximum temperature of 660.1 °C, a combustion duration of 2 h 40 min 48 s, and a conductive heat-transfer rate of 13.325 W. In comparison, 60-mesh briquettes produced 5987 kcal/kg, approximately 630 °C, 2 h 26 min 1 s, and 5.366 W, respectively. Although 60-mesh briquettes had slightly lower moisture and ash contents, the finer 80-mesh particles formed a denser and more homogeneous structure, resulting in improved heat retention and thermal performance. Therefore, the 80-mesh particle size is recommended as the optimum formulation for producing areca palm stem charcoal briquettes with better combustion performance and flame stability for locally available biomass-based alternative fuel applications.
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